Institutionalizing the Rule of Law in Central America: Domestic Sources and Foreign Influences

Abstract

This dissertation explores the institutionalization of the rule of law in Central America, specifically in El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala, through the lens of structural realism. It demonstrates how the interplay between domestic and international variables undermines internationalist efforts to foster the rule of law. Historically, U.S. interventions prioritized short-term security interests during the Cold War and beyond, often at the expense of building sustainable security and judicial institutions. Domestic factors, such as entrenched corruption and weak political institutions, further undermine and distort international efforts. The case studies rely on textual analysis of institutional documents to uncover the intentions behind institutional behavior. The dissertation proposes a framework for consolidating the rule of law, emphasizing long-term institutional development, prioritizing judicial independence, and utilizing an integrated approach that includes civil society and education. The findings underscore the limitations of past international interventions and highlight the need for more comprehensive, context-sensitive efforts that align with both domestic priorities and global norms. While external actors can contribute to institutional development, success is contingent on their ability to balance power dynamics with genuine support for democratic governance and human rights.

Disciplines

International Relations | Latin American Studies | Law

Subject Area

Latin American studies; Law; International relations

Department

International Relations (INR)

First Advisor

Giannakos, Symeon

Second Advisor

Rizova, Tatiana

Third Advisor

Raymond, Chad

Date of Award

2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Ph.D.

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